Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Mission of forensic science 1.3 Significance of studying forensic medicine 1.4 Branches of forensic medicine 1.5 International guidelines for forensic medicine Chapter 2 Death 2.1 Definition of death 2.2 Determination of death 2.3 Cause of death 2.4 Manner of death 2.5 Certification of death Chapter 3 Postmortem Changes 3.1 Early postmortem changes 3.2 Late postmortem changes 3.3 Estimation of time of death Chapter 4 Mechanical Injury 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Examination and documentation of injury 4.3 Blunt force injury 4.4 Sharp force injury 4.5 Firearm injury 4.6 Injuries by fall from height 4.7 Forensic identification Chapter 5 Transportation Injury and Death 5.1 Injuries to pedestrians 5.2 Injuries to vehicle occupants 5.3 Vehicular conflagration 5.4 Motorcycle fatalities Chapter 6 Regional and Organ Injuries 6.1 Head injuries 6.2 Neck injuries 6.3 Injuries of the vertebral column and spinal cord 6.4 Chest injuries 6.5 Abdominal injuries 6.6 Pelvic and limbs injuries Chapter 7 Asphyxia 7.1 Autopsy findings of mechanical asphyxia 7.2 Compression of the neck 7.3 Asphyxia due to overlay 7.4 Obstruction of the upper airway 7.5 Positional asphyxia 7.6 Suffocation 7.7 Sexual asphyxia Chapter 8 Drowning 8.1 Death process and mechanism of drowning 8.2 Signs of drowning on a corpse 8.3 Putrefaction, sink, and float of the drowned body 8.4 Post-mortem artefact injury on the body 8.5 Diatom test for drowning 8.6 Summary Chapter 9 Death from Heat, Cold, Electrical Injury and Lightning 9.1 Burn injury and death from burning 9.2 Hyperthermia 9.3 Hypothermia 9.4 Electrical injury 9.5 Death from lightning strike Chapter 10 Sudden Unexpected Death 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Cardiovascular disease 10.3 Central nervous system disease 10.4 Respiratory system disease 10.5 Gastrointestinal system disease 10.6 Obstetric disease 10.7 Death from allergy 10.8 Sudden adult death syndrome 10.9 Other disease Chapter 11 Death of Infants and Children 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Perinatal death 11.3 Violent death of infants and children 11.4 Sudden infant death syndrome Chapter 12 Forensic Autopsy 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Guidelines for forensic autopsy 12.3 Evidence fixation and collection 12.4 Forensic histology 12.5 Virtual autopsy 12.6 The autopsy report Chapter 13 Forensic Clinical Medicine 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Degree of injury 13.3 Labor capacity and degree of disability 13.4 Simulation 13.5 Artificial injury Chapter 14 Abuse 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Domestic violence 14.3 Sexual assault 14.4 Child abuse and elder abuse Chapter 15 Medical Malpractice 15.1 Medical malpractice and medical tangle 15.2 Formation stage of medical malpractice 15.3 Importance of autopsy in cases of medical malpractice ., 15.4 Common medical malpractice 15.5 Assessment of medical malpractice Chapter 16 Poisoning 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Ethanol 16.3 Drugs 16.4 Carbon monoxide 16.5 Hypnotic toxins 16.6 Pesticides 16.7 Cyanide 16.8 Arsenic 16.9 Poisonous animals and plants 16.10 Forensic identification of poisoning Chapter 17 Forensic DNA Analysis 17.1 Introduction 17.2 Variable number tandem repeats 17.3 Short tandem repeats 17.4 Single nucleotide polymorphism 17.5 Indel 17.6 Forensic DNA typing methods Chapter 18 Paternity Testing 18.1 Introduction 18.2 Basis and principle 18.3 Common genetic markers and techniques 18.4 Analysis and evaluation of paternity testing results Chapter 19 Individual Identification from Biological Samples 19.1 Introduction 19.2 Strategies of collection,transportation and examination of biological samples 19.3 Blood/bloodstains and semen/seminal stains 19.4 Hair 19.5 Analysis of individual identification results Chapter 20 Related Forensic Sciences 20.1 Forensic psychiatry 20.2 Forensic anthropology 20.3 Fingerprints 20.4 Bloodstain pattern analysis 20.5 Forensic botany 20.6 Forensic entomology 20.7 Forensic microbiology Chapter 21 Expert Witnesses, Medical Examiners and Courts 21.1 Introduction 21.2 Scientific evidence 21.3 Appearance in court as a witness:forensic doctors and practicing doctors 21.4 Preparation for appearance in court 21.5 Direct examination 21.6 Cross examination 21.7 Identification experts witness protection 21.8 Guaranty for appearance in court References