chapter 1 preliminaries
　1.1 introduction
　1.2 language
　1.3 linguistics
　1.4 a brief history of linguistics
　1.5 summary
chapter 2 phonetics and phonology
　2.1 introduction
　2.2 phonetics
　2.3 phonology
　2.4 summary
chapter 3 morphology
　3.1 introduction
　3.2 morpheme
　3.3 morph and allomorph
　3.4 word formation
　3.5 summary
chapter 4 syntax
　4.1 introduction
　4.2 the domain of syntax
　4.3 generative grammar
　4.4 functional grammar
　4.5 summary
chapter 5 semantics
　5.1 introduction
　5.2 word meaning
　5.3 semantic relations between words
　5.4 sentence meaning
　5.5 semantic relations between sentences
　5.6 mechanisms of semantic change
　5.7 summary
chapter 6 pragmatics
　6.1 introduction
　6.2 deixis
　6.3 presupposition
　6.4 speech acts
　6.5 conversational implicatures
　6.6 conversation analysis
　6.7 summary
chapter 7 discourse analysis
　7.1 discourse and discourse analysis
　7.2 information structure
　7.3 cohesion and coherence
　7.4 discourse marker
　7.5 muhimodal discourse analysis
　7.6 critical discourse analysis
　7.7 summary
chapter 8 sociolinguistics
　8.1 introduction
　8.2 language varieties
　8.3 language and gender
　8.4 choosing a code
　8.5 language planning
　8.6 methods for soeiolinguistie investigation
　8.7 summary
chapter 9 stylistics
　9.1 introduction
　9.2 dimensions of variation
　9.3 stylistic codification
　9.4 linguistic approaches to stylistic analysis
　9.5 practical stylistics
　9.6 summary
chapter 10 psycholinguistics
　10.1 introduction
　10.2 language production
　10.3 language comprehension
　10.4 language acquisition
　10.5 summary
chapter 11 cognitive linguistics
　11.1 introduction
　11.2 categories and categorization
　11.3 conceptual metaphors
　11.4 conceptual metonymies
　11.5 image schemas
　11.6 construal
　11.7 iconicity
　11.8 summary
chapter 12 applied linguistics
　12.1 introduction
　12.2 some basic concepts
　12.3 second language acquisition
　12.4 second language teaching
　12.5 language testing
　12.6 summary
　index
　answers to self-study activities